Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major global public health concern, refers to the ability of microorganisms to persist and proliferate despite the presence of antimicrobial agents. The misuse of these drugs has significantly contributed to the emergence of AMR in both human and animal populations. Microorganisms develop resistance through various mechanisms, necessitating innovative approaches to target these resistance mechanisms effectively. One such alternative is the utilization of essential oils (EOs), natural and volatile compounds produced by aromatic plants as secondary metabolites. Lemongrass oil (LGO) is among these essential oils, known for its broad spectrum of therapeutic properties, including antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, LGO is highly volatile and susceptible to degradation when exposed to environmental factors such as heat, humidity, light, and oxygen. Nanoencapsulation of LGO presents a promising solution to overcome these challenges, offering benefits such as enhanced stability, controlled release, and improved cellular uptake. This article focuses on the optimization and standardization of LGO-loaded chitosan and TPP nanoparticles through the process of ionic gelation.

Keywords : Antimicrobial resistance, Alternatives, Essential oils, Lemongrass oil and Nanoencapsulation